


Bushveld. Buff and dark brown upperparts; pale underparts. Distinctive rattle at end of song; often sings from top of bush.

Riverine woodland. Has a purple crest on a shiny green head; red eye-ring and flight feathers.

Thorn savanna. Grey above (female with rufous mantle); white below; red soft parts.

Bushveld. Three almost identical species when breeding. When breeding, a variation between a whitish bill and reddish leg colours distinguish the species.(1) Red bill red leg; (2) whitish bill white leg; (3) Whiteish bill red leg.


Wetlands. Adult has red-brown neck; young birds mostly light brown; below white.


Dry thornveld. The male is grey above and white below, with a broad black breast-band.

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